為了維護當前的(de)生態(tai)環境，促進(jin)(jin)人與自然的(de)和諧共處，人們應該更加(jia)重視植(zhi)樹造(zao)林工程。在(zai)這(zhe)個過程之中，有關部門要深(shen)入(ru)分析影響(xiang)林業工程造(zao)林質(zhi)量的(de)因素，積(ji)極(ji)采取相應措施，提高林業工程造(zao)林效果，進(jin)(jin)一步優(you)化人類生存環境，促進(jin)(jin)林業健(jian)康長遠發展(zhan)

1、影響(xiang)林業工程造林質量(liang)的主要因素

職工能力水平不足

目前林(lin)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)之中，部分職(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)能力(li)(li)(li)水(shui)平(ping)(ping)不(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)，導(dao)致相關造林(lin)技術(shu)(shu)實施(shi)不(bu)(bu)到位(wei)，影響(xiang)造林(lin)效(xiao)果。同時(shi)，職(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)能力(li)(li)(li)水(shui)平(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)也會使職(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)對新技術(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)接(jie)受度低(di)，不(bu)(bu)利于(yu)林(lin)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)水(shui)平(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)提高(gao)，從而影響(xiang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)造林(lin)質量。在員工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)能力(li)(li)(li)不(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)方面，由(you)于(yu)當代人力(li)(li)(li)資源市場供(gong)需矛盾，相關企業(ye)(ye)在招聘過程(cheng)(cheng)之中設置的(de)(de)門檻過低(di)，影響(xiang)了(le)員工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)整體職(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)素(su)質和能力(li)(li)(li)。另外，一些(xie)企業(ye)(ye)往(wang)往(wang)重生產，而忽視(shi)對員工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)培訓，不(bu)(bu)利于(yu)員工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)能力(li)(li)(li)水(shui)平(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)提高(gao)。同時(shi)，企業(ye)(ye)不(bu)(bu)重視(shi)對員工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)能力(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)評(ping)價，使員工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)自強不(bu)(bu)息的(de)(de)積極(ji)性不(bu)(bu)夠(gou)，這進(jin)一步降低(di)了(le)員工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)業(ye)(ye)務水(shui)平(ping)(ping)

項目管理機制不完善

后(hou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)設(she)計，末(mo)期(qi)(qi)(qi)造(zao)(zao)林(lin)(lin)和(he)末(mo)期(qi)(qi)(qi)養(yang)護離不(bu)開(kai)有(you)(you)效的管理(li)機制作(zuo)(zuo)為支(zhi)撐。但目前一些企業在(zai)開(kai)展造(zao)(zao)林(lin)(lin)綠(lv)化工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)過程之中，沒有(you)(you)建立完善的管理(li)機制，導(dao)致林(lin)(lin)業工(gong)(gong)程造(zao)(zao)林(lin)(lin)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)管理(li)混亂，相關造(zao)(zao)林(lin)(lin)技術不(bu)能有(you)(you)序有(you)(you)效地實施，存(cun)在(zai)一些問(wen)題(ti)，如后(hou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)設(she)計不(bu)嚴謹，末(mo)期(qi)(qi)(qi)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)效率不(bu)高，末(mo)期(qi)(qi)(qi)養(yang)護不(bu)夠，降(jiang)低(di)了(le)林(lin)(lin)木成(cheng)活率，從而影響(xiang)了(le)林(lin)(lin)業工(gong)(gong)程造(zao)(zao)林(lin)(lin)質(zhi)量。此外，項目管理(li)機制不(bu)完善，也難以(yi)調動職工(gong)(gong)造(zao)(zao)林(lin)(lin)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)的積極(ji)性和(he)自覺性，使部分職工(gong)(gong)對造(zao)(zao)林(lin)(lin)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)態度敷衍，造(zao)(zao)成(cheng)調查數(shu)據不(bu)準確、造(zao)(zao)林(lin)(lin)規(gui)劃不(bu)合理(li)等(deng)問(wen)題(ti)，并降(jiang)低(di)造(zao)(zao)林(lin)(lin)質(zhi)量

難以驗收

在正常情(qing)況(kuang)之下(xia)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)人員(yuan)應嚴格按照相(xiang)應的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)規范進(jin)行造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，確(que)保(bao)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)效果達到預期(qi)水平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。但由于造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)本(ben)身(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)復雜性(xing)和(he)系統性(xing)，同時大(da)部(bu)(bu)分造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)地(di)區(qu)生態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)相(xiang)對(dui)(dui)較(jiao)差，給有(you)關(guan)部(bu)(bu)門的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)驗(yan)收(shou)和(he)審(shen)(shen)核工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)帶來一(yi)定困難，難以保(bao)證林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)木成(cheng)活率(lv)。此外，造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)審(shen)(shen)核驗(yan)收(shou)還(huan)(huan)需采取綜(zong)合(he)檢查、抽查、抽樣等方法。但大(da)部(bu)(bu)分造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)地(di)區(qu)相(xiang)對(dui)(dui)偏遠(yuan)，耽誤了(le)(le)審(shen)(shen)計(ji)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)效率(lv)，降低了(le)(le)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)人員(yuan)對(dui)(dui)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重視程(cheng)度(du)，不利(li)于有(you)關(guan)部(bu)(bu)門對(dui)(dui)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)監督(du)。因(yin)此，林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)項(xiang)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)審(shen)(shen)核驗(yan)收(shou)存在困難，影(ying)響了(le)(le)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)；2、林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)之中影(ying)響造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要因(yin)素的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)對(dui)(dui)策；提(ti)高(gao)職工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能力水平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)；在造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)之中，員(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)能力水平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)是保(bao)證造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)效果的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要因(yin)素，相(xiang)關(guan)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)應進(jin)一(yi)步優化(hua)員(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)能力水平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)，提(ti)高(gao)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)。在提(ti)高(gao)員(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)能力水平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)方面，相(xiang)關(guan)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)可適當(dang)(dang)提(ti)高(gao)招聘門檻和(he)福利(li)待遇，吸引更多具有(you)專業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)知識和(he)較(jiao)強接受能力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人才，確(que)保(bao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)團隊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)整體能力水平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。同時，相(xiang)關(guan)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)要更加重視員(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)培訓，如2019年9月(yue)30日，贛州區(qu)舉(ju)辦為(wei)期(qi)3天的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)技術培訓班，并邀請當(dang)(dang)地(di)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)草局專家授課(ke)。此外，相(xiang)關(guan)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)單位(wei)還(huan)(huan)應完善外部(bu)(bu)能力考(kao)核制度(du)，激發(fa)職工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)自強的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)積極性(xing)，從而進(jin)一(yi)步優化(hua)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)職工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)能力水平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)，確(que)保(bao)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)，促進(jin)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可持續發(fa)展

完善項目管理機制

搞好管(guan)理是提高造(zao)林效(xiao)(xiao)果的有(you)效(xiao)(xiao)途徑。因此，為(wei)提高相(xiang)關(guan)企業造(zao)林綠化工(gong)作水平(ping)，相(xiang)關(guan)企業應完(wan)善項目管(guan)理機(ji)制，確保造(zao)林綠化工(gong)作有(you)序開展(zhan)，有(you)利于(yu)相(xiang)關(guan)造(zao)林技術的有(you)效(xiao)(xiao)實(shi)施，提高造(zao)林質量

在完(wan)(wan)善項(xiang)(xiang)目管(guan)理(li)(li)機制(zhi)方面(mian)，相(xiang)關企(qi)業(ye)應建(jian)立全面(mian)、科(ke)學、合理(li)(li)、可(ke)執行的(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)(li)體(ti)系，使(shi)管(guan)理(li)(li)人(ren)員在開展(zhan)工作的(de)(de)過程之中有(you)章可(ke)循(xun)，有(you)章可(ke)循(xun)，提(ti)高管(guan)理(li)(li)機制(zhi)的(de)(de)有(you)效性(xing)。此外，相(xiang)關企(qi)業(ye)還需要明(ming)確(que)責任歸屬，構建(jian)公平、公正、有(you)效的(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)(li)體(ti)系，以增強造林(lin)效果，提(ti)高林(lin)木成活率(lv)，相(xiang)關企(qi)業(ye)可(ke)采取措(cuo)施(shi)完(wan)(wan)善項(xiang)(xiang)目管(guan)理(li)(li)機制(zhi)，確(que)保(bao)造林(lin)質量，保(bao)護生態(tai)環境，促進人(ren)與自然和諧共(gong)處

加強驗收

以進一步(bu)確(que)(que)保(bao)造(zao)林(lin)質量(liang)，有關部(bu)(bu)門要加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)驗收(shou)，為造(zao)林(lin)效果提供有力保(bao)障。在加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)審(shen)計驗收(shou)方面，有關部(bu)(bu)門要明確(que)(que)造(zao)林(lin)工程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)流(liu)程(cheng)(cheng)，構建系(xi)統的(de)審(shen)計驗收(shou)操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)流(liu)程(cheng)(cheng)，實現從后期(qi)設計到末(mo)期(qi)維護的(de)全面審(shen)計驗收(shou)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，并有效控制工程(cheng)(cheng)各(ge)環(huan)節的(de)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)質量(liang)，降(jiang)低綠化工程(cheng)(cheng)復雜性對審(shen)計驗收(shou)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)影響

除此之外，相關部門(men)要建立合理、公平(ping)、具體的(de)(de)獎懲(cheng)制度(du)，提高工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)人(ren)(ren)員對造林(lin)(lin)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)重視程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度(du)，從而調動負責營(ying)造林(lin)(lin)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)企業(ye)單位對造林(lin)(lin)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)積(ji)極性和(he)自覺性，營(ying)造出一個良好的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)氛(fen)圍，優化造林(lin)(lin)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)效果(guo)，因此相關部門(men)可以(yi)采取加強審核驗收檢查力度(du)的(de)(de)措施，來保障林(lin)(lin)業(ye)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)營(ying)造林(lin)(lin)的(de)(de)質(zhi)量，進(jin)一步擴(kuo)大(da)植被面(mian)積(ji)，保護(hu)生(sheng)態平(ping)衡，促進(jin)人(ren)(ren)類與自然的(de)(de)和(he)諧共(gong)生(sheng)。